Calibration
Adjusting and measuring a screen or printer so that it shows colours accurately and consistently.
Also: monitor calibration, colour management
Two screens fresh from the factory rarely match, and each drifts as it ages. Calibration brings a device to a known state. A small measuring instrument is placed on the screen while software shows a series of colours. The screen is adjusted to a chosen brightness, white point and tone curve, and a profile is made recording what it can do. Photographers, printers and designers recalibrate regularly. The wider practice of keeping colour consistent from camera to screen to print is called colour management.